　　Students of United States history, seeking to identify, the circumst-考呗网题库移动版

单选题　　Students of United States history, seeking to identify, the circumstances that encouraged the emergence of feminist movements, have thoroughly investigated the mid-nineteenth-century American economic and social conditions that affected the status of women. These historians, however, have analyzed less fully the development of specifically feminist ideas and activities during the same period. Furthermore, the ideological origins off eminism in the United States have been obscured became, even when historians did take into account those feminist ideas and activities occurring within the United States, they failed to recognize that feminism was then a
　　Iruly international movement actually centered in Europe. American feminist activists who have been described as"solitary" and "individual theorists" Were in reality connected to a movement--utopian socialism--which wasalready popularizing feminist ideas in Europe during the two decades that culminated in the first women's rightsconference held at Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848. Thus, a complete understanding of the origins anddevelopment of nineteenth-century feminism in the United States requires that the geographical focus be widenedto include Europe and that the detailed study already made of social conditions be expanded to include theideological development of feminism.
　　The earliest and most popular of the utopian socialists were the Saint-Simonians. The specifically feminist partof Saint-Simonianism has, however, been less studied than the group's contribution to early socialism. This isregrettable on two counts. By 1832 feminism was the central concern of Salnt-Simonianism and entirely absorbedits adherents' energy. Hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians have misunderstood Saint-Simonianism, Moreover, since many feminist ideas can be traced to Saint-Simonianism, European historians'appreciation of later feminism in France and the United States remained limited.
　　Salnt-Simun's followers, many of whom were women, based their feminism on an interpretation of his projectto reorganize the globe by replacing brute force with the rule of spiritual powers. The new world order would beruled together by a male, to represent reflection, and a female, to represent sentiment. This complementarity reflectsthe fact that, while the Saint-Simonians did not reject the belief that there were innate differences between men andwomen, they nevertheless foresaw an equally important social and political role for both sexes in their Utopia.
　　Only a few Saint-Simonians opposed a definition of sexual equality based on gender distinction. This minoritybelieved that individuals of both sexes were born similar in capacity and character, and they ascribed male-femaledifferences to socialization and education. The envisioned result of both currents of thought, however, was thatwomen would enter public life in the new age and that sexual equality would reward men as well as women with animproved way of life.
　　根据以上内容，回答题。
It can be inferred fi'om the passage that the Seneca Falls conference__________

A．aimed at simulating feminist movements in America
B．was the culminating achievement of the Utop.ian socialist movement
C．discussed the ideological development of feminism
D．focused on women's rights in America

参考答案B

解析:【结构分析】
第一段指出要想更加全面地理解十九世纪美国女权主义的起源和发展，就必须把研究的地域范围拓宽到欧洲；而且在对社会状况进行了细致研究的基础上，还要把研究范围拓宽到女权主义意识形态的发展状况。
第二段指出最早的和最盛行的乌托邦社会主义者是圣西门主义者。然而，圣西门主义中特定的女权主义部分，与该团体对早期社会主义的贡献相比，没有得到充分的研究。
第三段指出，圣西门的追随者中有许多人都是女性，他们将女权主义思想建立在对圣西门“以精神力量的统治代替野蛮力量，从而改组全球”这一方案的解释上。世界新秩序将由代表理性反思的男性和代表情感的女性共同统治。这种互补性也反映了男女与生俱来的差异以及他们在乌托邦社会中的平等地位。
最后一段指出只有少数的圣西门主义者反对在承认性别差异的前提下对男女平等加以定义。
【试题解析】
本题的出题点在专有名词处。第一段的后半部分指出，美国的女权主义者一直以来都被认为是独立的理论家，但是实际上他们都与“乌托邦社会主义”这一运动紧密相连，这一运动使女权主义思想在十九世纪三四十年代的欧洲非常流行，并且最终促成了在1848年纽约Seneca Falls召开的会议。由此可见，这次会议是“乌托邦社会主义”运动的产物，故选B。这个会议是针对整个欧洲的，并非仅仅关乎美国，故排除A、D；文章中没有提到会议是否探讨了女权主义在意识形态上的发展，只是在第一段段末说要想研究美国l9世纪女权主义的发展就要研究欧洲相应的发展状况，故排除C。

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单选题 　　What does the author think about most European historians who have studied the Saint-Simonians?

A．They have studied more of the group's contribution to socialism.
B．They have sthdied the group's feminist part.
C．They have made a thorough investigation into feminism in France.
D．They are the only authority on Saint-Simonism.

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单选题 　　According to the passage, the society envisioned by most Saint-Simonians would be one in which__________

A．women could obtain superior rights
B．women played a vital role in politics
C．the two genders competed with each other
D．the two genders had equal status

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单选题 　　It can be inferred from the passage that all Saint-Simonians__________

A．have different ideas regarding sexual equality
B．believe that sexual equality benefits women more than it does to men
C．believe in the innateness of differences between men and women
D．regard gender differences as a result of education

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